The possible causes are many but it’s difficult to tell from the picture.
Did any of the bottom parts come disconnected from the print bed? If they did then that starts the problem as filament is squeezed out into the air then dragged across other parts and can knock others off the build plate. Cause can be not enough heat in the bed, not enough heat in the hotend, poor 1st layer(I like to go a bit thick on layer 1), too small a footprint of a part(need to add a brim).
There’s also things like filament not being dry so moisture got into the hotend and caused blobs which were hit and knocked pieces loose.
If it’s ABS then the chamber temp might not have been high enough and wrapage caused a part to come loose.
I’ve probably missed a half dozen other reasons.
Looks to me like the part cooler / fan duct fell off the extruder. Thats the grey thing lying in the open door.
The extruder probably then smashed it around the print bed destroying stuff until someone noticed or the machine stalled.
I’d suggest talking to your printer maker; whoever that is.